Крестов П.В., Омелько А.М.
В издании Леса российского Дальнего Востока: 150 лет изучения: Материалы Всероссийской конференции с международным участием, посвященной 100 летию со дня рождения члена-корреспондента РАН Колесникова Бориса Павловича
Год: 2009 Страницы: 67-73
В результате моделирования на основе обширной фитосоциологической (более 5500 геоботанических описаний) и климатической (2200 климатических станций) баз данных установлено, что основными переменными, описывающими распределение высших зональных единиц лесной растительности Дальнего Востока, являются тепловой и холодовой индексы Кира, индекс континентальности, омбро-эвапотранспирационный индекс и сумма зимних осадков.
This study focused on indication of climatic factors that act at local and regional scales in the Russian Far East by the phytosociological classification using the bioclimatic tools. More than 5500 phytosociological releve’s from different parts of Northeast Asia and climatic records from 2200 stations were involved in an analysis designed to quantify the relationships between climatic variables and zonal vegetation units. The development of the vegetation cover of Northeast Asia is controlled by polar, boreal and temperate macroclimates that differentiate vegetation into Arctic tundra, subarctic woodlands boreal (with northern, middle and southern subzones) and temperate (with north-ern, middle and southern subzones) forest zones. Basic changes of vegetation along the gradient of continentality depend on the variations of the seasonal temperature and precipitation distribution and caused the differentiation of 6 continentality sectors: oceanic, suboceanic, maritime, continental, subcontinental and ultracontinental. Climatic factors, especially the accumulated temperature and its relation to growing season expressed through the Kira’s warmth and coldness indices, continentality, availability of moisture during the growing season expressed through the evapo-transpirational index, and the accumulated precipitation and its distribution over the growing season ap-pear to be major factors for the zonal and sectoral differentiation of vegetation complexes.
