Vshivkova, T.S., Stocks I.C., Morse J.C., Naryshkina N.N.
В издании Proceedings of the XII International Symposium on Trichoptera
Год: 2007 Страницы: 321-334
Development of cladistic methods for phylogenetic investigations in Trichoptera has inspired examination of morphological characters other than the traditionally used genitalia and wing venation. Trichopteran leg outgrowths, especially the movable spurs, are often used as characters for identification. However, spurs, spines, other leg epicuticular outgrowths, and sensilla have not often been used as a source of information for phylogenetic evaluation in the order. In this study, external morphology of the tibial vestiture, including spinules (“microtrichia”), ridges, sensilla, spurs, and spines of selected Trichoptera and other amphiesmenopteran and antliophoran taxa are investigated using SEM. At least eight types of spinules (with subtypes), and at least 10 types of sensilla (with subtypes) can be differentiated and classified. Morphology of the spurs is described and five general types of spur architecture are distinguished. Two types of tibial spur vestiture are differentiated: (a) Annulipalpia – covered by both spinules and sensilla, and (b) Integripalpia (Plenitentoria), Rhyacophilidae, Glossosomatidae – covered by spinules only. Previously undescribed sense organs were discovered at the base of spurs in some Trichoptera, Micropterigidae, and Panorpidae. This structure appears at the base of the tibial spurs either as a single cavity (in several of the amphiesmenopterans and in Panorpidae we examined), or as two cavities (Dicosmoecus). The external morphology of sensilla, spurs, and spines may serve as reliable diagnostic characters to define families and possibly genera and species. The potential utility of these structures in phylogenetic analyses is outlined.
