Beljaev E.A., Velyaev O.A.
В издании Integrative Taxonomy, a multidisciplinary approach to answer complicated taxonomic questions: Proceedings of the 10th Forum Herbulot 2018
Год: 2018 Страницы: 35
Abstract. Hypomecis Hubner, 1821 is the type-genus for the Boarmiini, being the senior synonym of Boarmia Treitschke, 1825. The latter name has been used extensively in the literature, and numerous ennomines with bark-like wing pattern were described in Boarmia up to 1982, when Inoue established this synonymy. Currently Hypomecis counts nearly 150 species (Parsons et al., 1999), but many of them were combined with Hypomecis formally without the checking from the genitalia. Review of publications and available specimens allowed to select 57 species undoubtedly belonging to Hypomecis, which are used as a base for the discussion. The phylogenetic reconstructions are based on the functional- morphological analyses of the genitalia and genes COI, 16S, 28S (D1 and D2), EF-1?, RpS5 and GAPDH, totally about 4,100 bp. The research is based on materials from the Russian Far East, with additions from the GenBank (NCBI) and literatures. The analyses obtained the following results: Basal branching in molecular phylogenies of Boarmiini forms a "phylogenetic lawn" consists of close nodes with poor statistic support. This corresponds with highly mosaic distribution of morphological traits that makes morphological phylogenetic analysis in the Boarmiini difficult. Probably this could be a result of rapid basal branching in this tribe. The genus Hypomecis is well defined genetically and morphologically. Position of Hypomecis in Boarmiini is uncertain based on morphology, and controversial in different molecular analyses. The problems with determination of a sister group for Hypomecis makes polarization of the character states in the genus difficult. Morphological and molecular analyses suggest that possible sister group to Hypomecis could be a large East Asian group of genera consisting of Apocleora, Lassaba, Darisa, Chorodna, Uliura, Callocasta, Deileptenia, Exangerona and some others. In the examined genetically and morphologically East Asian Hypomecis, three groups are identified: H. punctinalis group (H. punctinalis, H. pseudopunctinalis, Ematurga atomaria, H. crassestrigata); H. roboraria group [H. roboraria, H. diffusaria, H. phantomaria); and H. akiba group (with the single species). Most of Hypomecis, whose genitalia are known, with the known genitalia could be attributed to H. punctinalis group or to H. roboraria group. H. akiba has unique morphology and demonstrates basal position in molecular phytogeny of Hypomecis. Based on morphology, American species Hypomecis (including the type species of the genus, H. umbrosaria), forms a separate group, sister to the Eurasian species from the H. punctinalis group. Morphologically Ematurga atomaria is most related to the American H. umbrosaria group, and the name Ematurga should to be synonymised with Hypomecis. The study was supported by the RFBR, project No. 18-04-00944.
