Grishin S.YU., Perepelkina P.A., Burdukovskii M.L.
Biota and environment of natural areas 2025; 13(4): 38–56
Drawing on eruptions of recent decades and other volcanic activities in Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands, this study identifies approximately thirty di erent forms of volcanic impact damaging woody plants. The mechanisms of damage are associated with mechanical e ects (e. g., tephra fallout, pyroclastic density currents, lahars), thermal e ects (e. g., pyroclastic surges, lava contact, red-hot bombs and lapilli), and chemical e ects (e. g., acid deposition from volcanic gases and ash leachates). Most of these impact types are briefly described and illustrated with photographs of a ected tree species and forest stands that experienced the consequences of specific volcanic events.
