Purtova L.N., Timofeeva YA.O., Klochkova N.L., Emelyanov A.N.
Agrohimia 2025; (10): 3-11
The influence of annual and perennial grasses and their mixtures with legumes was studied (annual crops - oats (control), oats + vetch, oats + peas, oats + beans, perennial crops - timofeyevka (control), timofeyevka + clover, timofeyevka + alfalfa, timofeyevka + clover + alfalfa) on the basic physical properties of chemical and biological parameters of soils. Based on the assessment of the studied indicators, the main trends towards changes in the processes of formation and accumulation of humus and the biological activity of soils using various phytomeliorants have been established. The general pattern of a gradual increase in the content and reserves of humus in soils in all the studied experimental variants was noted, which was most pronounced in the soils of perennial grasses and their mixtures with legumes. Activation of the processes of humus formation and accumulation in the arable horizon when using all the studied phytomeliorants contributed to an increase in catalase activity and a change in soil catalase enrichment from poor to medium. The noted differences in the parameters of CO2 production in the soils of different experimental variants were determined by both the prevailing hydrothermal conditions and the level of humus content and reserves and, accordingly, the stabilization of the humus system of soils. For the first time in the region of the study, the composition of herb mixtures of annual and perennial grasses with legumes (oats + vetch, timofeyeva + clover, timofeyeva + alfalfa + clover) was established, which had the most positive effect on the fertility of the lumic albic stagnosol in the region.
