Bogacheva A.V., Bukharova N.V.
Mikologiya I Fitopatologiya 2020; 54(3): 157–161
The present paper continues the study of fungal diversity of the Russian Far East regions. The mycological expedition was organized in May–June 2019. The purpose of the expedition trip was to identify the composition of the mycobiota in the Botchinsky Nature Reserve. We investigated spruce-fir forests. The snowless winter of 2019 determined the features of the beginning of the growing season. On the fungal aspect, this was expressed in the mass fruit formation of fungi associated with fir (Abiesnephrolepis). On this plant 3 species of Lachnellula spp. are registered: L. calyciformis, L. fuckelii, and L. resinaria. On dead log trunks and branches buried in moss litter Donadinia nigrella and Pseudoplectaniamelaena were reported. On drying trunks, wood-destroying fungi are noted: Aleurodiscus amorphus, Neofavolus alveolaris, and Trichaptum abietinum. Mass development of pathogenic species Discocainia treleasei, Gremmeniella abietina, Lachnellula resinaria, Ascocalyx abietis was noted on drying young spruce trees (Picea jezoensis). On the drying branches of living larches (Larix cajanderi), the development of the fungus Lachnellula angustispora was observed, on the trunks at the exit of the resin channels – Tympanistruncatula. The latter is distributed throughout the reserve and related Tumninskiy Reserve, and develops on living plants without visible harmful effects on the host. Moreover, the last fungus was found in the study area both in the anamorphic and teleomorphic stages. In contrast to the diagnostic description of the species, the detected population has a different color of apothecia. Further studies of the collected samples will allow us to find the reasons for this phenomenon. On the soil in open places where the temperature reached the optimum, fruit formation of Gyromitra infula was observed. Coprinopsis stercorea and Pseudombrophila cervaria were registered from the group of coprotrophic fungi on musk deer litter; Ascobolus castaneus and Coprotus ochraceus were recorded on the Manchurian deer. We obtained information on the finding of 19 species from 16 genera of 11 families belonging to 7 orders of 3 classes of higher fungi. Among them, there are species first observed in Russia – Donadinia nigrella as well as in the Khabarovsk Territory (Ascoboluscastaneus, Ascocalyx abietis, Coprotus ochraceus, Gremmeniella abietina, Lachnellula angustispora, L. fuckelii, Pseudoplectaniamelaena). A number of species supplemented the data on the mycobiota of the Botchinsky Reserve. Today it is known that it includes 452 species of fungi.
