Veremeichik G.N., Brodovskaya E.V., Grigorchuk V.P., Burundukova O.L., Butovetz E.S., Lukyanchuk L.M., Vasina E.A.
Far East Agrarian Bulletin 2019; (52): 16-23
Soya is the main source of oil and vegetable protein with a full set of essential amino acids, more than 20% carbohydrates, vitamins and other substances, including isoflavones. Isoflavones are secondary metabolites of the flavonoid branch of the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway and are widely used in pharmacology. Isoflavones in the form of aglycones have pharmacological effect, but under normal conditions plants accumulate mainly malonyl- and glucosidederivatives of isoflavones, while aglycones perform the function of phytoalexins, and their biosynthesis is activated in response to stress. Furthermore, it is known that the varieties of soybean with better stress-resistance have a higher aglycone content. The aim of the presented work was a comparative analysis of the isoflavones content in domestic (Sphere), American (Hodson) varieties and in the wild type of soybean, in parallel with the analysis of the resistance to the most actual abiotic stresses in the region. We have shown that the effects of salt and cold stress significantly inhibit the growth of plants of Hodson variety, and do not have an inhibitory effect on the Sphere variety. At the same time, the isoflavone content in the form of aglycones and glucosides/malonylglucosides in Sphere variety is 6 and 4 times higher than in Hodson, respectively. Thus, the results indicate the possibility of using chemical analysis of the isoflavone content in the breeding process for selection of the varieties of soybean resistant to abiotic and biotic stress.
