Ostroshenko V.Yu.
Земля 2019; (2): 48-53
Primorsky Krai is one of the largest Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation. In recent decades, Mongolian oak (Quercus L. mongolica Fisch. Ex. Ledeb.) has been intensively harvested here, the wood of which has become one of the most expensive of the domestic species on the world market. The absence of acorns in the cutting areas, covered with clear-cutting areas, leads to the restoration of cuttings with low-valuable deciduous species and the reduction of areas occupied by Mongolian oak. Currently, in the forests of the region, significant areas require measures for its restoration. Along with this, as a result of long-term anthropogenic impacts, intensive industrial harvesting of wood, destruction of undergrowth by forest fires and cutting on “New Year trees”, the stand of Manchurian fir - one of the forest-forming species in the Far East is reduced. It is necessary to restore these tree species - the representatives of forest shelter belts. The relief of the territory of the Far East is mountainous. On large areas, tree species restoration is possible with the use of hand seed drills. However, each of them has its limitation. The purpose of this work was the development of a hand seed drill intended for sowing seeds of Far Eastern tree species (Korean cedar, Mongolian oak and drageed Manchurian fir seeds) in a complex mountainous terrain of Primorye. The developed seed drill, weighing about 2.8 kg and with a capacity of up to 3 kg of seeds, has the shape of a cane and consists of a bunker, a feed cunit, a percentage feeder, a control handle, a seed tube, a pedal and a vomer. The use of the device allows to increase the reliability and accuracy of seeding in rows and spaces between rows of the forest and agricultural fund. A hand seed drill can be used in closed ground when laying forest crops on burns, cuttings, wastelands and other areas not covered with forest vegetation, as well as on soils in hard-to-reach places, on plots in the processes of selection, sorting, primary seed production, etc. associated primarily with its efficiency and simplicity. There is no need for such expensive activities as the cultivation of planting material in nurseries. Field work on the conduct of sowing does not require additional training. The seed drill allows point sowing of seeds to a depth of 4 cm and allows you to go with it to all areas of the silvicultural and agricultural fund. The device allows you to ensure the evenness of seeding, reduce operator fatigue during operation, thereby ensuring increased reliability and performance.
