Gukov G.V., Gridnev А.N., Gridneva N.V.
Успехи современного естествознания 2017; (10): 29-34
The article is devoted to one of the most valuable forest-forming species of Primorskiy Kray - Manchurian fir (Abies holophylla Maxim.). This species has peculiar habitus characteristics, has good reproductive ability, grows rapidly, is very decorative, resistant to diseases and pests. This is the largest coniferous species of the Russian Far East. The trunk volume of large trees can reach up to 20 m3. Among all forest formations of the region Manchurian fir forests occupy the smallest area, which requires careful and comprehensive study not only to preserve its area and reserves, but also to expand reproduction by introducing it to more northern regions. To expand the range of Manchurian fir, we offer its step by step expansion to more northern regions. At the first stage, it is necessary to plant seed-bearing plantations for gradual acclimatization this species under new growth conditions. In the future when artificial growth stands attain the age of renewed ripeness, seeds will be harvested for the creation of Manchurian fir forest cultures in the areas of Primorskiy Kray, closest to the plantations. One of the most important problems in fir tree afforestation, including Manchurian fir, is seed harvesting. Due to the biology of seed production, and the fact that Manchurian fir felling is forbidden, harvesting of seeds is possible only with growing trees. We have developed a special lifting device in the crowns of trees to solve this problem. The article provides information on the reproductive ability of Manchurian fir in different harvest years: the size characteristics of cones, the number of seeds in them, their weight, and the average weight of one seed. According to special standard methods, the characteristics of the seeds, harvested in different harvest years, are determined. Recommendations for optimizing the cultivation of the forest planting stock of this species are given.
