Population structure and phylogenetic relationships of the rare medicinal plant Oxytropis komarovii Vass. based on plastid marker the variability
Kholina A.B. 1 , Artyukova E.V. 1 , Sandanov D.V. 2 , Samdan A.M. 3
2 Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russian Federation
3 Tuva State University, Kyzyl, 667000, Russian Federation
Year: 2026, Number: 3, Pages: 6-22
For the first time, data on the genetic diversity, population structure, demographic dynamics, and phylogenetic relationships of a rare species, Manchurian-Daurian endemic, medicinal plant Oxytropis komarovii Vass. (Fabaceae) were obtained based on the analysis of nucleotide sequence polymorphism of the intergenic psbA–trnH, trnL–trnF, and trnS–trnG of chloroplast DNA. All O. komarovii populations were characterized by a high level of haplotype diversity (0.644–0.810) and a low level of nucleotide diversity (0.0010–0.0020). Molecular dispersion analysis showed a moderate and statistically significant level of population differentiation: about 21% of all genetic variability is accounted for by the interpopulation component (ΦST = 0.210, P < 0.05). The presence of unique haplotypes in each population, the absence of shared haplotypes, and the level of population differentiation all indicate the need to apply conservation measures to all populations studied in this work. Reconstruction of the demographic histories of O. komarovii revealed that populations have a unimodal mismatch distribution of pairwise nucleotide differences, consistent with a model of demographic expansion and/or spatial expansion in the past. Reconstruction of phylogenetic and genealogical relationships revealed that the haplotypes of O. komarovii and the closely related species O. hirta form a single group/branch, consistent with their taxonomic affiliation within the section Brachryptropis of the subgenus Triticaria. Molecular differences were identified between O. borissovae and O. aciphylla of the section Lycotriche of the subgenus Tragacanthoxytropis, indicating significant divergence of their chloroplast genomes and the distinct species status of O. borissovae.
DOI: 10.25221/2782-1978_2026_3_1
Keywords: Fabaceae, Oxytropis, rare species, genetic diversity, demographic dynamics, phylogenetic relationships, chloroplast DNA,
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